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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2014, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 905-910.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2014.10.010

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

1992—2011年山东省胸科医院住院儿童结核病患者临床流行病学分析

李淑艳 凌再芹 战云飞 王骏生 刘国利 杨效光 高大川   

  1. 250013 济南,山东省胸科医院内一科(李淑艳、凌再芹、战云飞、刘国利、杨效光),病案室(王骏生),办公室(高大川)
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-21 出版日期:2014-10-10 发布日期:2014-11-01
  • 通信作者: 高大川 E-mail:gaodachuan@126.com

Clinical epidemiology of pediatric tuberculosis in Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, 1992—2011

LI Shu-yan, LING Zai-qin, ZHAN Yun-fei, WANG Jun-sheng, LIU Guo-li, YANG Xiao-guang, GAO Da-chuan   

  1. First Department of Medicine,Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital,Ji’nan 250013,China
  • Received:2014-04-21 Online:2014-10-10 Published:2014-11-01
  • Contact: GAO Da-chuan E-mail:gaodachuan@126.com

摘要: 目的 分析山东省胸科医院住院儿童结核病临床流行病学的动态及特点,为医院诊治和管理儿童结核病患者提供参考。方法 对1992—2011年山东省胸科医院住院治疗的儿童结核病患者916例的资料进行回顾分析,其中0~岁年龄组272例,5~岁年龄组301例,10~14岁年龄组343例。为分析集中趋势,将20年分成4个时间段(1992—1996年、1997—2001年、2002—2006年和2007—2011年)。统计儿童住院结核病患者占总住院结核病患者的比率,同时对性别、年龄、居住地、结核病分类和住院时间等进行动态分析。采用线性回归方法分析住院儿童结核病患者占住院结核病患者的比率的总体趋势;使用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行分析,采用方差分析方法对不同年份时间段儿童结核病患者住院时间和不同年龄组构成比的变化进行检验;采用χ2检验对不同年度区间儿童结核病分类的构成比进行分析。后两种方法,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 住院儿童结核病患者占住院结核病患者的比率,1992年为3.74%(22/588),2011年为2.82%(92/3258),经线性回归分析,总体趋势在减少(y=-0.0549x+3.2578,r2=0.094);男性儿童患者从1992—1996年的54.78%(86/157)增加到2007—2011年的63.14%(221/350);儿童结核病0~岁组的构成比明显增加,从1992—1996年的15.29%(24/157)增加到2007—2011年的41.14%(144/350);农村患儿从1992—1996年的68.79%(108/157)增加到2007—2011年的80.29%(281/350);肺结核构成比为58.30%(534/916);不同年度时间段儿童结核病分类的构成比变化:结核性脑膜炎从1992—1996年的24.20%(38/157)减少到2007—2011年的14.00%(49/350)(χ2=7.94,P<0.05),而淋巴结结核从1992—1996年的3.82%(6/157)增加到2007—2011年的24.29%(85/350)(χ2=32.82,P<0.05)。结论 山东省胸科医院住院儿童结核病患者占住院结核病患者的比例总体趋势是在减少,但0~岁组患者比例增加,农村患儿比例增加,以肺结核为主。

关键词: 结核/流行病学, 儿童, 住院, 山东省

Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical epidemiology situation (trend and characteristics) of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) among inpatients with TB in the Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital,to provide references for improving diagnosis, treatment and management of pediatric TB in the hospital.  Methods  The information and data of 916 TB cases aged below 14 years and stayed in Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital in 1992-2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 272 cases were in the 0- years age group,301 cases were in the 5- years age group,343 cases were in the 10-14 years age group. In order to do the trend analysis, the 20 years were divided into 4 periods, including 1992-1996, 1997-2001, 2002-2006 and 2007-2011.The following variables were analyzed: the proportion of pediatric TB inpatients among all inpatients with TB, and the trends by sex, age, resident place, type of TB and length of hospital stay. Linear regression method was used for the analysis of the overall trend of proportion of pediatric TB among all TB inpatients; χ2 test was used for the analysis of the constituent ratios of different types of TB in different periods; By using SPSS 17.0, the analysis of variance was used to analyze the trends of the length of hospital stay and the proportion of age groups. A value of P<0.05 was regarded as a statistically significant difference.  Results  The proportion of pediatric TB among all inpatients with TB decreased from 3.74%(22/588)in 1992 to 2.82%(92/3258)in 2011, and the linear regression analysis results (y=-0.0549x+3.2578, r2=0.094) showed an overall decreasing tread;the proportion of male pediatric TB patients increased from 54.78%(86/157) in the period of 1992-1996 to 63.14%(221/350)in the period of 2007-2011;the proportion of TB patients in the 0- years age group increased from 15.29% (24/157)in the period of 1992-1996 to 41.14%(144/350) in the period of 2007-2011;the proportion of pediatric TB patients from the rural areas increased from 68.79% (108/157)in the period of 1992-1996 to 80.29%(281/350)in the period of 2007-2011;the proportion of pediatric pulmonary TB was 58.30%(534/916);the proportions of different types of TB in different periods were as follows: tuberculous meningitis significantly reduced from 24.20% (38/157)in 1992-1996 to 14.00% (49/350)in 2007-2011(χ2=7.94,P<0.05),but the lymphatic TB increased significantly from 3.82%(6/157)in 1992-1996 to 24.29% (85/350)in 2007-2011(χ2=32.82,P<0.05).  Conclusion The overall trend of the proportion of pediatric TB among all inpatients with TB in Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital is reducing. However, the proportion of pediatric TB patients in the 0- years age group and the pediatric TB patients from the rural areas are increasing; pulmonary TB is the main type of TB among children.

Key words: Tuberculosis/epidemiology, Child hospitalized, Shandong province